![]() Hamer M (2006) Coffee and health: explaining conflicting results in hypertension. Gomez-Ramirez M, Higgins BA, Rycroft JA, Owen GN, Mahoney J, Shpaner M, Foxe JJ (2007) The deployment of intersensory selective attention: a high-density electrical mapping study of the effects of theanine. Quantitative and qualitative differences associated with habituation to coffee. Goldstein A, Kaizer S, Whitby O (1969) Psychotropic effects of caffeine in man. ![]() ![]() J Agric Food Chem 45:353–363įood Standards Agency (2004) Survey of caffeine levels in hot beverages. Annu Rev Neurosci 24:31–55Įkborg-Ott KH, Taylor A, Armstrong DW (1997) Varietal differences in the total and enantiomeric composition of theanine in tea. Taylor and Francis, London, pp 101–130ĭunwiddie TV, Masino SA (2001) The role and regulation of adenosine in the central nervous system. ![]() In: Wildman REC (ed) Handbook of nutraceuticals and functional foods, second edition. Curr Opin Lipidology 18:13–19ĭubick MA, Omaye ST (2006) Grape wine and tea polyphenols in the modulation of atherosclerosis and heart disease. Hum Psychopharmacol 18:141–143Ĭornelis MC, El-Sohemy A (2005) Coffee, caffeine, and coronary heart disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 37:693–704īotella P, Parra A (2003) Coffee increases state anxiety in males but not in females. Am J Clin Nutr 74:227–232īalentine DA, Wiseman SA, Bouwens LCM (1997) The chemistry of tea flavonoids. Am J Clin Nutr 81(suppl):317S–325SĪrts ICW, Hollman PCH, Feskens EJM, de Mesquita HBB, Kromhout D (2001) Catechin intake might explain the inverse relation between tea consumption and ischaemic heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Neuropsychopharmacol 28:1694–1702Īrts ICW, Hollman PCH (2005) Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies. Theanine is a physiologically and behaviourally active compound and, while it is unclear how its effects might explain perceived differences between tea and coffee, evidence suggests that it may be useful for reducing raised blood pressure.Īlsene K, Deckert J, Sand P, de Wit H et al (2003) Association between A 2a receptor gene polymorphisms and caffeine-induced anxiety. Theanine also slowed overall reaction time on the visual probe task. Theanine antagonised the effect of caffeine on blood pressure but did not significantly affect jitteriness, alertness or other aspects of mood. ResultsĬaffeine increased self-rated alertness and jitteriness and blood pressure. Anxiety was also assessed using a visual probe task. They completed ratings of mood, including anxiety, and alertness, and had their blood pressure measured before and starting 40 min after drug administration. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, healthy adult participants ( n = 48) received either 250-mg caffeine, 200-mg theanine, both or neither of these. To study the subjective, behavioural and blood pressure effects of theanine and caffeine administered alone and together, in doses relevant to the daily tea consumption of regular tea drinkers. ![]() There is also some evidence that theanine affects cognitive performance, and it has been found to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive rats. At least part of the explanation for this may be that theanine, which is present in tea but not coffee, has relaxing effects. Although both contain behaviourally significant concentrations of caffeine, tea is commonly perceived to be a less stimulating drink than coffee. ![]()
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